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About System Buses:
The most famous microprocessors are Intel 8086 and 8085.
To transfer data, System buses are used. There are of three types of a microprocessor:
1. Address Bus
2. Data Bus
3. Control bus
Address Buses are unidirectional i.e. address always goes out of the microprocessor.
It is a group of lines that send a memory address or a device address to the memory or the peripheral.
Data Buses are bi-directional, they transfer data in and out of the microprocessor.
Control Buses, as the name suggests, provide signals to control the data flow.
About the Architecture of a Microprocessor:
Depending upon the storage of program and data in memory, there are two types of architectures:
Von Neumann Architecture
Harvard Architecture
Von Neumann Architecture:
It contains a program counter, and the instructions are executed sequentially manner i.e. by one instruction execution. It does not have a separate program and data memory.
Two clock cycles are required to execute a single instruction.
Harvard Architecture:
In contrast to Von Neumann Architecture, It has a separate program and data memory.
An instruction is executed in a single cycle.
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