"Exploring the Foundations of the Number System: A Comprehensive Guide"

DIGITAL ELECTRONICS – NUMBER SYSTEM 

The number system is a representation scheme for numerical values. Information in digital electronics is represented by numbers. To effectively represent and interpret information in the form of numbers, we must learn about and comprehend the various number systems. 

The base or radix of a number system serves as the foundation for its classification, which encompasses a variety of number systems. The total amount of symbols employed in the number system to represent the numbers is known as the base or radix of the number system. 

Types of Number Systems 

Depending on the base or radix, number systems can be classified into the following four major types:

• Decimal Number System 

• Binary Number System 

• Octal Number System 

• Hexadecimal Number System 
  

1.) DECIMAL NUMBER SYSTEM 

Decimal number systems have a base or radix of 10, meaning they represent system numbers using 10 symbols. The decimal number system uses the following symbols: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. each of these symbols has a unique value. 

The decimal number system is a position value system, which means the value of the digit depends on the position of the number. 

2.) BINARY NUMBER SYSTEM 

 A binary number system has a basis or radix of 2. Binary numbers are represented by the binary number system using just two symbols, 0 and 1. The binary number system is necessary for the operation of all contemporary digital equipment, including computers, combinational circuits, sequential circuits, etc. 

3.) HEXADECIMAL NUMBER SYSTEM 

 The term "hexadecimal number system" refers to the number system having a base of 16 or radix 16. Consequently, 16 symbols are used to represent numbers in the hexadecimal number system. The numbers 0 through 9 represent these symbols: A, B, C, D, E, and F. where A, B, C, D, E, and F are 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15. Microprocessors and microcontrollers make considerable use of the hexadecimal number system. The main benefit of the hexadecimal number system over the binary number system is that the hexadecimal numbers are easier to read because they are substantially smaller than the binary numbers. 

4.) OCTAL NUMBER SYSTEM 

 An octal number system is a number system with base 8. As a result, the number is represented by eight symbols in the octal number system: (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7).